scala.actors

Actor

trait Actor extends InternalActor with ReplyReactor

Provides lightweight, concurrent actors. Actors are created by extending the Actor trait (alternatively, one of the factory methods in its companion object can be used). The behavior of an Actor subclass is defined by implementing its act method:

class MyActor extends Actor {
def act() {
  // actor behavior goes here
}
}

A new Actor instance is started by invoking its start method.

Note: care must be taken when invoking thread-blocking methods other than those provided by the Actor trait or its companion object (such as receive). Blocking the underlying thread inside an actor may lead to starvation of other actors. This also applies to actors hogging their thread for a long time between invoking receive/react.

If actors use blocking operations (for example, methods for blocking I/O), there are several options:

The main ideas of the implementation are explained in the two papers

Annotations
@SerialVersionUID() @deprecated
Deprecated

(Since version 2.11.0) Use the akka.actor package instead. For migration from the scala.actors package refer to the Actors Migration Guide.

Linear Supertypes
ReplyReactor, InternalActor, Serializable, java.io.Serializable, InputChannel[Any], ActorCanReply, InternalReplyReactor, ReactorCanReply, Reactor[Any], Combinators, AbstractActor, CanReply[Any, Any], OutputChannel[Any], AnyRef, Any
Known Subclasses
Type Hierarchy Learn more about scaladoc diagrams
Ordering
  1. Alphabetic
  2. By inheritance
Inherited
  1. Actor
  2. ReplyReactor
  3. InternalActor
  4. Serializable
  5. Serializable
  6. InputChannel
  7. ActorCanReply
  8. InternalReplyReactor
  9. ReactorCanReply
  10. Reactor
  11. Combinators
  12. AbstractActor
  13. CanReply
  14. OutputChannel
  15. AnyRef
  16. Any
Implicitly
  1. by any2stringadd
  2. by StringFormat
  3. by Ensuring
  4. by ArrowAssoc
  1. Hide All
  2. Show all
Learn more about member selection
Visibility
  1. Public
  2. All

Type Members

  1. type Future[+P] = actors.Future[P]

    Definition Classes
    ReactorCanReply → CanReply

Abstract Value Members

  1. abstract def act(): Unit

    The reactor's behavior is specified by implementing this method.

    The reactor's behavior is specified by implementing this method.

    Definition Classes
    Reactor

Concrete Value Members

  1. def !(msg: Any): Unit

    Sends msg to this ReplyReactor (asynchronous).

    Sends msg to this ReplyReactor (asynchronous).

    msg

    the message to send

    Definition Classes
    InternalReplyReactorReactorOutputChannel
  2. def !!(msg: Any): Future[Any]

    Sends msg to this actor and immediately returns a future representing the reply value.

    Sends msg to this actor and immediately returns a future representing the reply value.

    msg

    the message to be sent

    returns

    the future

    Definition Classes
    ActorCanReply → ReactorCanReply → CanReply
  3. def !![A](msg: Any, handler: PartialFunction[Any, A]): Future[A]

    Sends msg to this actor and immediately returns a future representing the reply value.

    Sends msg to this actor and immediately returns a future representing the reply value. The reply is post-processed using the partial function handler. This also allows to recover a more precise type for the reply value.

    msg

    the message to be sent

    handler

    the function to be applied to the response

    returns

    the future

    Definition Classes
    ActorCanReply → ReactorCanReply → CanReply
  4. final def !=(arg0: Any): Boolean

    Definition Classes
    AnyRef → Any
  5. def !?(msec: Long, msg: Any): Option[Any]

    Sends msg to this actor and awaits reply (synchronous) within msec milliseconds.

    Sends msg to this actor and awaits reply (synchronous) within msec milliseconds.

    msec

    the time span before timeout

    msg

    the message to be sent

    returns

    None in case of timeout, otherwise Some(x) where x is the reply

    Definition Classes
    ActorCanReply → ReactorCanReply → CanReply
  6. def !?(msg: Any): Any

    Sends msg to this actor and awaits reply (synchronous).

    Sends msg to this actor and awaits reply (synchronous).

    msg

    the message to be sent

    returns

    the reply

    Definition Classes
    ActorCanReply → ReactorCanReply → CanReply
  7. final def ##(): Int

    Definition Classes
    AnyRef → Any
  8. def +(other: String): String

    Implicit information
    This member is added by an implicit conversion from Actor to any2stringadd[Actor] performed by method any2stringadd in scala.Predef.
    Definition Classes
    any2stringadd
  9. def ->[B](y: B): (Actor, B)

    Implicit information
    This member is added by an implicit conversion from Actor to ArrowAssoc[Actor] performed by method ArrowAssoc in scala.Predef.
    Definition Classes
    ArrowAssoc
    Annotations
    @inline()
  10. final def ==(arg0: Any): Boolean

    Definition Classes
    AnyRef → Any
  11. def ?: Any

    Receives the next message from the mailbox

    Receives the next message from the mailbox

    Definition Classes
    InternalActor → InputChannel
  12. final def asInstanceOf[T0]: T0

    Definition Classes
    Any
  13. def clone(): AnyRef

    Attributes
    protected[java.lang]
    Definition Classes
    AnyRef
    Annotations
    @throws( ... )
  14. def continue(): Unit

    Continues with the execution of the closure registered as continuation following andThen.

    Continues with the execution of the closure registered as continuation following andThen. Continues with the execution of the next loop iteration when invoked inside the body of loop or loopWhile.

    Definition Classes
    Combinators
  15. def ensuring(cond: (Actor) ⇒ Boolean, msg: ⇒ Any): Actor

    Implicit information
    This member is added by an implicit conversion from Actor to Ensuring[Actor] performed by method Ensuring in scala.Predef.
    Definition Classes
    Ensuring
  16. def ensuring(cond: (Actor) ⇒ Boolean): Actor

    Implicit information
    This member is added by an implicit conversion from Actor to Ensuring[Actor] performed by method Ensuring in scala.Predef.
    Definition Classes
    Ensuring
  17. def ensuring(cond: Boolean, msg: ⇒ Any): Actor

    Implicit information
    This member is added by an implicit conversion from Actor to Ensuring[Actor] performed by method Ensuring in scala.Predef.
    Definition Classes
    Ensuring
  18. def ensuring(cond: Boolean): Actor

    Implicit information
    This member is added by an implicit conversion from Actor to Ensuring[Actor] performed by method Ensuring in scala.Predef.
    Definition Classes
    Ensuring
  19. final def eq(arg0: AnyRef): Boolean

    Definition Classes
    AnyRef
  20. def equals(arg0: Any): Boolean

    Definition Classes
    AnyRef → Any
  21. def exceptionHandler: PartialFunction[Exception, Unit]

    This partial function is applied to exceptions that propagate out of this reactor's body.

    This partial function is applied to exceptions that propagate out of this reactor's body.

    Attributes
    protected[scala.actors]
    Definition Classes
    Reactor
  22. def exit(): Nothing

    Terminates with exit reason 'normal.

    Terminates with exit reason 'normal.

    Attributes
    protected[scala.actors]
    Definition Classes
    InternalActor → Reactor
  23. def exit(reason: AnyRef): Nothing

    Terminates execution of self with the following effect on linked actors:

    Terminates execution of self with the following effect on linked actors:

    For each linked actor a with trapExit set to true, send message Exit(self, reason) to a.

    For each linked actor a with trapExit set to false (default), call a.exit(reason) if reason != 'normal.

    Attributes
    protected[scala.actors]
    Definition Classes
    InternalActor
  24. def finalize(): Unit

    Attributes
    protected[java.lang]
    Definition Classes
    AnyRef
    Annotations
    @throws( classOf[java.lang.Throwable] )
  25. def formatted(fmtstr: String): String

    Implicit information
    This member is added by an implicit conversion from Actor to StringFormat[Actor] performed by method StringFormat in scala.Predef.
    Definition Classes
    StringFormat
    Annotations
    @inline()
  26. def forward(msg: Any): Unit

    Forwards msg to this ReplyReactor (asynchronous).

    Forwards msg to this ReplyReactor (asynchronous).

    msg

    the message to forward

    Definition Classes
    InternalReplyReactorReactorOutputChannel
  27. final def getClass(): Class[_]

    Definition Classes
    AnyRef → Any
  28. def getState: Actor.State.Value

    State of this actor

    State of this actor

    returns

    the execution state

    Definition Classes
    InternalActor → InternalReplyReactorReactor
  29. def hashCode(): Int

    Definition Classes
    AnyRef → Any
  30. def internalSender: OutputChannel[Any]

    Returns the ReplyReactor which sent the last received message.

    Returns the ReplyReactor which sent the last received message.

    Attributes
    protected[scala.actors]
    Definition Classes
    InternalReplyReactor
  31. final def isInstanceOf[T0]: Boolean

    Definition Classes
    Any
  32. def link(body: ⇒ Unit): Actor

    Links self to the actor defined by body.

    Links self to the actor defined by body.

    body

    the body of the actor to link to

    returns

    the parameter actor

    Definition Classes
    InternalActor
  33. def link(to: ActorRef): ActorRef

    Links self to actor to.

    Links self to actor to.

    to

    the actor to link to

    returns

    the parameter actor

    Definition Classes
    InternalActor
  34. def link(to: AbstractActor): AbstractActor

    Links self to actor to.

    Links self to actor to.

    to

    the actor to link to

    returns

    the parameter actor

    Definition Classes
    InternalActor
  35. def loop(body: ⇒ Unit): Unit

    Repeatedly executes body.

    Repeatedly executes body.

    body

    the block to be executed

    Definition Classes
    Combinators
  36. def loopWhile(cond: ⇒ Boolean)(body: ⇒ Unit): Unit

    Repeatedly executes body while the condition cond is true.

    Repeatedly executes body while the condition cond is true.

    cond

    the condition to test

    body

    the block to be executed

    Definition Classes
    Combinators
  37. def mailboxSize: Int

    Attributes
    protected[scala.actors]
    Definition Classes
    Reactor
  38. implicit def mkBody[A](body: ⇒ A): Body[A]

    Enables the composition of suspendable closures using andThen, loop, loopWhile, etc.

    Enables the composition of suspendable closures using andThen, loop, loopWhile, etc.

    Definition Classes
    Reactor → Combinators
  39. final def ne(arg0: AnyRef): Boolean

    Definition Classes
    AnyRef
  40. final def notify(): Unit

    Definition Classes
    AnyRef
  41. final def notifyAll(): Unit

    Definition Classes
    AnyRef
  42. def react(handler: PartialFunction[Any, Unit]): Nothing

    See the companion object's react method.

    See the companion object's react method.

    Definition Classes
    InternalActor → InputChannelInternalReplyReactorReactor
  43. def reactWithin(msec: Long)(handler: PartialFunction[Any, Unit]): Nothing

    See the companion object's reactWithin method.

    See the companion object's reactWithin method.

    msec

    the time span before timeout

    Definition Classes
    InternalActor → InputChannelInternalReplyReactor
  44. def receive[R](f: PartialFunction[Any, R]): R

    See the companion object's receive method.

    See the companion object's receive method.

    f

    a partial function with message patterns and actions

    returns

    result of processing the received value

    Definition Classes
    InternalActor → InputChannel
  45. def receiveWithin[R](msec: Long)(f: PartialFunction[Any, R]): R

    See the companion object's receiveWithin method.

    See the companion object's receiveWithin method.

    msec

    the time span before timeout

    f

    a partial function with message patterns and actions

    returns

    result of processing the received value

    Definition Classes
    InternalActor → InputChannel
  46. def receiver: Actor

    Returns the Actor that is receiving from this reactor.

    Returns the Actor that is receiving from this reactor.

    Definition Classes
    ReactorOutputChannel
  47. def reply(msg: Any): Unit

    Replies with msg to the sender.

    Replies with msg to the sender.

    Attributes
    protected[scala.actors]
    Definition Classes
    InternalReplyReactor
  48. def restart(): Unit

    Restarts this reactor.

    Restarts this reactor.

    Definition Classes
    Reactor
    Exceptions thrown
    java.lang.IllegalStateException

    if the reactor is not in state Actor.State.Terminated

  49. def scheduler: IScheduler

    Attributes
    protected[scala.actors]
    Definition Classes
    InternalActor → Reactor
  50. def send(msg: Any, replyTo: OutputChannel[Any]): Unit

    Sends msg to this reactor (asynchronous) supplying explicit reply destination.

    Sends msg to this reactor (asynchronous) supplying explicit reply destination.

    msg

    the message to send

    replyTo

    the reply destination

    Definition Classes
    ReactorOutputChannel
  51. def sender: OutputChannel[Any]

    Attributes
    protected[scala.actors]
    Definition Classes
    ReplyReactor
  52. def start(): Actor

    Starts this actor.

    Starts this actor. This method is idempotent.

    Definition Classes
    Actor → InternalActor → Reactor
  53. final def synchronized[T0](arg0: ⇒ T0): T0

    Definition Classes
    AnyRef
  54. def toString(): String

    Definition Classes
    AnyRef → Any
  55. def trapExit: Boolean

    Definition Classes
    InternalActor
  56. def trapExit_=(value: Boolean): Unit

    Definition Classes
    InternalActor
  57. def unlink(from: ActorRef): Unit

    Unlinks self from actor from.

    Unlinks self from actor from.

    Definition Classes
    InternalActor
  58. def unlink(from: AbstractActor): Unit

    Unlinks self from actor from.

    Unlinks self from actor from.

    Definition Classes
    InternalActor
  59. final def wait(): Unit

    Definition Classes
    AnyRef
    Annotations
    @throws( ... )
  60. final def wait(arg0: Long, arg1: Int): Unit

    Definition Classes
    AnyRef
    Annotations
    @throws( ... )
  61. final def wait(arg0: Long): Unit

    Definition Classes
    AnyRef
    Annotations
    @throws( ... )
  62. def [B](y: B): (Actor, B)

    Implicit information
    This member is added by an implicit conversion from Actor to ArrowAssoc[Actor] performed by method ArrowAssoc in scala.Predef.
    Definition Classes
    ArrowAssoc

Inherited from ReplyReactor

Inherited from InternalActor

Inherited from Serializable

Inherited from java.io.Serializable

Inherited from InputChannel[Any]

Inherited from ActorCanReply

Inherited from InternalReplyReactor

Inherited from ReactorCanReply

Inherited from Reactor[Any]

Inherited from Combinators

Inherited from AbstractActor

Inherited from CanReply[Any, Any]

Inherited from OutputChannel[Any]

Inherited from AnyRef

Inherited from Any

Inherited by implicit conversion any2stringadd from Actor to any2stringadd[Actor]

Inherited by implicit conversion StringFormat from Actor to StringFormat[Actor]

Inherited by implicit conversion Ensuring from Actor to Ensuring[Actor]

Inherited by implicit conversion ArrowAssoc from Actor to ArrowAssoc[Actor]

Ungrouped