Announcing Dotty 0.9.0-RC1
Today, we are excited to release Dotty version 0.9.0-RC1. This release serves as a technology preview that demonstrates new language features and the compiler supporting them.
Dotty is the project name for technologies that are considered for inclusion in Scala 3. Scala has pioneered the fusion of object-oriented and functional programming in a typed setting. Scala 3 will be a big step towards realizing the full potential of these ideas. Its main objectives are to
- become more opinionated by promoting programming idioms we found to work well,
- simplify where possible,
- eliminate inconsistencies and surprising behaviors,
- build on strong foundations to ensure the design hangs well together,
- consolidate language constructs to improve the language’s consistency, safety, ergonomics, and performance.
You can learn more about Dotty on our website.
This is our ninth scheduled release according to our 6-week release schedule. The previous technology preview added support for sbt 1, introduced improved unchecked warnings and improved SAM type support.
What’s new in the 0.9.0-RC1 technology preview?
Improved REPL #4680
The REPL now uses JLine 3 under the hood which improves on many aspects such as, auto-completions and multi-line editing. The REPL now also works on Windows!
Documentation support in the IDE #4461, #4648
The Dotty IDE will now display documentation while hovering over symbols that were previously compiled by the Dotty compiler. In the future, we plan to let users query the documentation in the REPL as well.
Drop requirement that implicit functions must be non-empty #4549
We remove the arbitrary restriction that parameters of implicit functions must by non-empty. We can now write:
type IntProducer = implicit () => Int
def prod1: IntProducer = 1
val prod2: IntProducer = 2
An interesting observation is that by-name parameters can now be encoded as implicit function types:
def timed[T](op: => T): T = ...
def timed[T](op: implicit () => T): T = ...
timed {
fetch(url)
}
Both definitions above are equivalent.
Emit feature warnings for implicit conversions #4229
Implicit conversions are easily the most misused feature in Scala. We now emit feature warnings when encountering an implicit conversion definition, just like Scala 2 does.
In addition, we also emit a feature warning when an implicit conversion is used, unless the conversion is:
- an implicit class
- co-defined with the type to which it converts
- predefined in
scala.Predefor is thescala.reflect.Selectable.reflectiveSelectconversion (we might extend this to more conversions).
Optimise s and raw interpolators #3961
s and raw string interpolators were known to be slower than their not type-safe counterparts:
s"Hello $name!"
// compared to:
"Hello " + name + "!"
The compiler will now desugar the former into the latter. Special thanks to Wojtek Swiderski who contributed this feature to the Dotty compiler!
Support for compiler plugins #3438
Dotty now supports Compiler plugins. Compiler plugins let you customize the compiler pipeline without having to modify the compiler source code. A major difference compared to Scala 2 is that Dotty plugins must run after the type checker. Being able to influence normal type checking is a powerful feature but for production usages, a predictable and consistent type checker is more important.
Starting with 1.1.5 Dotty compiler plugins can be used with sbt. Please refer to the sbt documentation for more information.
For more information, visit the Compiler Plugin section of our documentation.
Trying out Dotty
sbt
Using sbt 1.1.5 or newer, do:
sbt new lampepfl/dotty.g8
This will setup a new sbt project with Dotty as compiler. For more details on using Dotty with sbt, see the example project.
IDE support
Start using the Dotty IDE in any Dotty project by following the IDE sections of the getting-started page.
Standalone installation
Releases are available for download on the Releases section of the Dotty repository: https://github.com/scala/scala3/releases
We also provide a homebrew package that can be installed by running:
brew install lampepfl/brew/dotty
In case you have already installed Dotty via brew, you should instead update it:
brew upgrade dotty
Scastie
Scastie, the online Scala playground, supports Dotty. This is an easy way to try Dotty without installing anything. Note however that Scastie only supports Dotty 0.7.0-RC1.
Let us know what you think!
If you have questions or any sort of feedback, feel free to send us a message on our Gitter channel. If you encounter a bug, please open an issue on GitHub.
Contributing
Thank you to all the contributors who made this release possible!
According to git shortlog -sn --no-merges 0.8.0..0.9.0-RC1 these are:
200 Nicolas Stucki
155 Martin Odersky
71 Allan Renucci
42 Paolo G. Giarrusso
27 Aggelos Biboudis
25 Guillaume Martres
22 Martin Duhem
10 Sebastian Nadorp
10 Wojtek Swiderski
6 Olivier Blanvillain
5 benkobalog
4 Ingar Abrahamsen
3 Ankit Soni
2 Liu Fengyun
2 Olivier ROLAND
2 Fabian Page
1 Roberto Bonvallet
1 Fengyun Liu
1 Zoltán Elek
1 benkbalog
1 Glavo
1 dieutth
1 fschueler
1 mentegy
If you want to get your hands dirty and contribute to Dotty, now is a good time to get involved! Head to our Getting Started page for new contributors, and have a look at some of the good first issues. They make perfect entry-points into hacking on the compiler.
We are looking forward to having you join the team of contributors.